Pompeii

It lay about 10 km from the crater, downwind. For more than a dozen hours pumice fell on it, and on the morning of the second day hot avalanches of ash and gas arrived. The city was never rebuilt.

Excavations began in 1748; certainty that this was Pompeii came from an inscription found in 1763. In 2018 a charcoal inscription dated October 17 was discovered here, one piece of evidence that the eruption took place in autumn.