AD 69 (AD 68–⁠69)

Four aurei of AD 69: Galba, Otho, Vespasian and Vitellius. A montage from the Wikimedia Commons file “Year of the Four Emperors”.

After Nero’s death in AD 68 the Julio-Claudian house died out. The throne was seized in turn by generals backed by the army. Galba ruled a few months. After him came Otho and Vitellius. Vespasian won the civil war and founded the Flavian dynasty. The year 69 is called the Year of the Four Emperors: Galba, Otho, Vitellius and Vespasian. Vespasian was hailed emperor on July 1, AD 69, in Alexandria, and his troops entered Rome at the end of the year.

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