The Frontiers of Augustus: A Map Through Time, 31 BC–AD 14

How the empire of Augustus grew from 31 BC to AD 14: Egypt, Spain, the Alps, Germania and the retreat of the border to the Rhine.

Transcript

After Actium, Octavian holds almost the whole Mediterranean.

Thirty BC: Egypt.

In Spain the Cantabrians and Asturians hold out for a long time, until nineteen BC.

Twenty BC: the Parthians return the standards peacefully.

In fifteen BC, the Alps become Roman.

Then Germania. Augustus boasts that he reached from Gades to the Elbe.

The Senate in Rome dedicates the Ara Pacis.

In AD nine, three legions are destroyed in the Teutoburg Forest.

The Germans seize the forts. The border returns to the Rhine.

AD fourteen: from the Atlantic to the Euphrates.